Prognostic Value of Systemic Immune-inflammation Index in Patients with Pediatric Blunt Abdominal Trauma

Objective: Trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. One in every four patients with trauma has abdominal trauma. Abdominal trauma is the third leading cause of death associated with trauma. Mortality increases in patients with inflammation because of the body’s reaction to trauma. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SIII) is a test indicative of body inflammation based on complete blood count alone. Index value may indicate prognosis of pediatric patients with blunt abdominal trauma.
Material and Methods: The present study was designed as a retrospective, single-center research. The study included pediatric patients with isolated blunt abdominal trauma who were admitted to the emergency department between June 01, 2021 and June 01, 2022 and met the inclusion criteria. Patient demographic data; medical history; leukocytes, platelet, and neutrophil count; SIII; and outcome status were captured in the case form.
Results: The study included 103 patients, of whom 64.1% were male and the mean age was 7.32±5.12 years. Mortality was noted in 6.8% of the patients included in the study. The sensitivity and specificity for a cut-off value of 890.47×103/L SIII were 95.7% and 62.5%, respectively (area under the curve: 0.832; 95% confidence interval: 0.820-0.944, p<0.003), in pediatric patients with blunt abdominal trauma.
Conclusion: High SIII scores, a rapid, inexpensive, reliable, and radiation-free test, could be used as a predictor of mortality in pediatric patients admitted to the emergency department with blunt abdominal trauma.

Keywords: Systemic immune-inflammation index, blunt abdominal trauma, pediatric patient, mortality