The Role of the Count and Percentage of Immature Granulocytes in the Differentiation of Acute Complicated and Non-Complicated Appendicitis

Objective: The objective of this study was to ascertain the effectiveness of the immature granulocyte (IG) count and percentage in diagnosing and discriminating between non-complicated acute appendicitis (NCAA) and complicated acute appendicitis (CAA).
Material and Methods: This study was conducted using data from 244 adult patients who underwent appendectomy. A retrospective assessment of demographic details, preoperative white blood cell (WBC) count, number and percentage of neutrophils, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte (LYM) count (IGC), IG count and IG percentage (IG%), operation findings, and pathology results was conducted. Patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis (AA) were categorised as NCAA and CAA according to pathology reports and surgical outcomes.
Results: The WBC, NLR, IGC and IG% did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between the CAA and NCAA groups.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that AA is statistically more prevalent in the early 30s.The number and percentage of neutrophil counts, NLR, IG in the diagnoses of AA, in conjunction with the elevated number of WBC, prove negligible in differentiating between CAA and NCAA. In the emergency room, examining the hemogram parameters merely reveals that the prediction of complications is rendered meaningless. The study revealed no statistically significant relationship between the groups. Consequently, hemogram parameters (LYM, WBC, NLR, IGC, and IG%) were deemed unreliable for distinguishing between CAA and NCAA.

Keywords: Appendicitis, immature granulocytes, complicated, emergency medicine